Cell Biology
Cell biology, and cytology (cytology), is called a biological research field, which is busy with the cell. The term comes from the Latin by the word "cella," meaning "small room". Long ago, life on earth began with the emergence of a cell and since it is the basis for the origin of living things - the "basic building block of life"
However, there are in this science is no standard definition for life because of this it is no match the definitions.
The incredibly wide variety of cells is a testament to the diversity and richness of nature and thus as little research into how the Naatur itself
Multiple functions can be fulfilled independently of the cell, but they differ from each other within the individual cell types, as this depends on the particular tissue. The cell is able to absorb food and convert it into energy. This allows it to perform certain functions and processes, and reproduce. Reproduction, which takes place through cell division (mitosis or meiosis), have all the cells together.
The energy generated in the cell is important for the processes occurring in the cell. This form different organelles smallest accumulation of functional components that function symbiotically. It distinguishes two different types of cells: the eukaryotic cell and prokaryotic cell.
The cell organelles:
The cell organelles are located in the cytoplasm of all animal cells: the mitochondria (powerhouses of the cell, since energy is produced), the nucleus (nucleolus), the centrioles, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, ribosomes, and peroxisomes.
main processes:
- Cell division (mitosis / meiosis), it is important for reproduction and is the origin of a new cell.
- Synaptic transmission: through this form of signaling from outside, to govern the behavior of the cell.
- Cell contacts / cell transport: it takes place through the active and passive transport, rather then by the movement of molecules into and out of the cell.
- Cell Physiology: sodium / potassium pump, diffusion, membrane potential and action potential
- DNA repair and cell death
- Photosynthesis
- Respiratory chain
- Chain of information by electrical stimulation and excitement
- ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
Cytology is concerned not only with human cells, but also with bacteria. The level of research is molecular and microscopic. First, the cell structure is investigated, then the respective cell function and its cell organelles. Due to the findings observed similarities and differences between the cell types that can establish the ground rules that you need to classify the cells. Entscheident are the physiological properties of this, the structure that contained organelles of the cell interactions with their environment, their life cycle and finally her death.